Anti-Semitism and Anti-Judaism

David Nirenberg, Anti-Judaism: The Western Tradition (Norton).
"What is the difference, then, between anti-Semitism and anti-Judaism? The answer, as it unfolds in Nirenberg’s scholarly tour de force, could be summarized this way: Anti-Semitism needs actual Jews to persecute; anti-Judaism can flourish perfectly well without them, since its target is not a group of people but an idea". Adam Kirsch, tabletmag.